Cytarabine hydrochloride

Research use only, not for human use.

Cytarabine hydrochloride (Ara-C hydrochloride) is a nucleoside analog that causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase.

Cytarabine hydrochloride, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine hydrochloride has antiviral effects against HSV.

Cytarabine is phosphorylated into a triphosphate form (Ara-CTP) involving deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), which competes with dCTP for incorporation into DNA, and then blocks DNA synthesis by inhibiting the function of DNA and RNA polymerases. Cytarabine displays a higher growth inhibitory activity towards wild-type CCRF-CEM cells compared to other acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells with IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine apparently induces apoptosis of rat sympathetic neurons at 10 μM, of which 100 μM shows the highest toxicity and kills over 80% of the neurons by 84 hours, involving the release of mitochondrial cytochrome-c and the activation of caspase-3, and the toxicity can be attenuated by p53 knockdown and delayed by bax deletion.

Cytarabine (250 mg/kg) also causes placental growth retardation and increases placental trophoblastic cells apoptosis in the placental labyrinth zone of the pregnant Slc:Wistar rats, which increases from 3 hour after the treatment and peaks at 6 hour before returning to control levels at 48 hour, with remarkably enhanced p53 protein, p53 trancriptional target genes such as p21, cyclinG1 and fas and caspase-3 activity. Cytarabine is highly effective against acute leukaemias, which causes the chCytarabineteristic G1/S blockage and synchronization, and increases the survival time for leukaemic Brown Norway rats in a weak dose-related fashion indicating that the use of higher dosages of Cytarabine does not contribute to its antileukaemic effectiveness in man.

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Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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69-74-9

279.68

C9H14ClN3O5

>98% (HPLC)

In Vitro:?DMSO : 50 mg/mL (178.78 mM; Ultrasonic )

O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O)N2C(=O)N=C(N)C=C2.Cl

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(-20℃)

With Ice Pack

≥ 2 years